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Sleeping less
than seven and a half hours per day may be associated with
future risk of heart disease, according to a report in the
2008 November 10 issue of Archives of Internal Medicine,
one of the JAMA/Archives journals. In addition, a
combination of little sleep and overnight elevated
blood pressure appears to be associated with an
increased risk of the disease.
"Reflecting changing lifestyles, people are sleeping less in
modern societies," according to background information in
the article. Getting adequate sleep is essential to
preventing health conditions such as obesity and
diabetes as well as several risk factors for
cardiovascular disease including sleep-disordered
breathing and night-time hypertension (high
blood pressure).
Kazuo Eguchi, M.D., Ph.D., at Jichi Medical University,
Tochigi, Japan, and colleagues monitored the sleep of 1,255
individuals with hypertension (average age 70.4) and
followed them for an average of 50 months. Researchers noted
patients' sleep duration, daytime and nighttime blood
pressure and cardiovascular disease events such as stroke,
heart attack and sudden cardiac death.
During follow-up, 99 cardiovascular disease events occurred.
Sleep duration of less than 7.5 hours was associated with
incident cardiovascular disease. "The incidence of
cardiovascular disease was 2.4 per 100 person-years in
subjects with less than 7.5 hours of sleep and 1.8 per 100
person-years in subjects with longer sleep duration," the
authors write.
Patients with shorter sleep duration plus an overnight
increase in blood pressure had a higher incidence of heart
disease than those with normal sleep duration plus no
overnight increase in blood pressure, but the occurrence of
cardiovascular disease in those with a longer sleep duration
vs. those with a shorter sleep duration was similar in those
who did not experience an overnight elevation in blood
pressure.
"In conclusion, shorter duration of sleep is a predictor of
incident cardiovascular disease in elderly individuals with
hypertension," particularly when it occurs with elevated
nighttime blood pressure, the authors note. "Physicians
should inquire about sleep duration in the risk assessment
of patients with hypertension."
Arch Intern Med.
2008;168[20]:2225-2231
'Hypnosis
helped me sleep' - After acupuncture, yoga, herbal
teas and a regimented bedtime ritual failed to get her to
sleep, Suzie, a chronic insomniac, turned to hypnosis - article, Live Well, healthy
living for everyone, UK National Health Service NHS /
Livewell / insomnia
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