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In
the news
...
Fracking
or hydraulic fracturing harmful,
risks?
Humans
may be harmed by endocrine disrupting chemicals released
during natural gas mining
Susan C. Nagel and Christopher D. Kassotis, researchers
with the University of Missouri, and national colleagues
have conducted a review of research on health effects
associated with unconventional oil and gas (UOG)
operations and concluded these activities have potential
for environmental release of a complex mixture of
endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that could
potentially harm human development and reproduction.
The authors reviewed more than 100 scientific,
peer-reviewed publications and examined the studies
thoroughly for patterns and links that focused on UOG
chemicals and human development. In their peer-reviewed
commentary, the authors concluded that available research
suggests potential adverse health outcomes and
note a dearth of evidence-based research related
to the UOG process.
"We recommend a process to examine the total endocrine
disrupting activity from exposure to the mixtures of
chemicals used in and resulting from these operations in
addition to examining the effects of each chemical on its
own," Nagel said. "Studying these complex mixtures of
chemicals released during fracking is necessary since the
chemical identities used in oil and natural gas operations
are not always known. Additionally, there is strong
evidence of endocrine disrupting chemical mixtures having
additive effects, so this approach also may be more
sensitive."
Nagel, an associate professor of obstetrics, gynecology
and women's health in the School of Medicine, and an
adjunct associate professor of biological sciences in the
College of Arts and Science at MU, conducted the review
with fellow MU researchers Chris Kassotis, a recent
doctoral graduate in the Division of Biological Sciences
in the College of Arts and Science, and Jane McElroy, an
associate professor in family and community medicine in
the School of Medicine. Don Tillitt, an adjunct professor
of biological sciences and a research toxicologist with
the U.S. Geological Survey, also contributed to the study.
"Endocrine Disrupting
Chemicals and Oil and Natural Gas Operations: Potential
Environmental Contamination and Recommendations to Assess
Complex Environmental
Mixtures," Environmental Health Perspectives
Fracking
plays active role in generating toxic metal wastewater
The production of hazardous wastewater in
hydraulic fracturing is assumed to be partly due to
chemicals introduced into injected freshwater when it
mixes with highly saline brine naturally present in the
rock. But a study investigating the toxic metal barium in
fracking wastewater finds that chemical reactions between
injected freshwater and the fractured shale itself could
play a major role.
Dartmouth College.
Applied Geochemistry
The
power of film - bans on hydraulic fracking
Researchers are the first to use the Internet and social
media to systematically show how a documentary film shaped
public perception and ultimately led to municipal bans on
hydraulic fracking.
They demonstrated how local screenings of Gasland--a 2010
American documentary that focused on communities affected
by natural gas drilling--affected the public debate on
hydraulic fracking. Additionally, Vasi and his
collaborators demonstrated how local screenings were
linked to an increase in anti-fracking mobilizations that,
in turn, influenced the passage of local bans on fracking.
According to
the study, "screenings of Gasland in different locations
had an effect upon the mobilization of local campaigns
against the controversial practice of hydraulic
fracturing; in turn, those local mobilizations made local
policymakers significantly more likely to take action to
ban the practice of fracking."
"'No Fracking
Way!' Documentary Film, Discursive Opportunity and Local
Opposition against Hydraulic Fracturing in the United
States, 2010-2013"
American Sociological Review. University of Iowa
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